CONTENTS.

INTRODUCTION. -- The Greek Language and Dialects,		3-6
PART I.
LETTERS, SYLLABLES, AND ACCENTS.
sections		Page
1-4	The Alphabet	7, 8
5-10	Vowels and Diphthongs	8, 9
11-15	Breathings	9
16-24	Consonants and their Divisions	9, 10
25, 26	Consonants ending Greek Words.	10
27	Ionic and Athenian Alphabets	10, 11
28	Ancient Pronunciation.	11
29-33	Changes of Vowels	12, 13
34	Collision of Vowels. -- Hiatus	13
35-41	Contraction of Vowels	13-15
42-40	Crasis	15, 16
47	Synizesis	16
48-54	Elision	16, 17
55	Aphaeresis	17
56-63	Movable Consonants...	17, 18
64-67	Metathesis and Syncope	18, 19
68, 69	Doubling of Consonants.	19
70-95	Euphonic Changes of Consonants	19-24
96, 97	Syllables and their Division....	24
98-105	Quantity of Syllables	24, 25
106-115	General Principles of Accent	25-27
116	Anastrophe	27
117-120	Accent of Contracted Syllables and Elided Words	27, 28
121-129	Accent of Nouns and Adjectives	28, 29
130-135	Accent of Verbs	29, 30
136-139	Proclitics	31
140-146	Enclitics	31-33
147-149	Dialectic Changes in Letters	33
150	Punctuation-Marks	33

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PART II

INFLECTION.

151-154 Definitions. — Inflection, Root, Stem, etc. 34 156-163 Numbers, Genders, Cases. 34-36

NOUNS.

164-106 Three Declensions of Nouns... 36 167 Case-endings of Nouns. 36

FIRST DECLENSION.

168-170. Stems and Terminations of first Declension 37 171-182. Paradigms of First Declension. 37-40 183-187. Contract Nouns of First Declension 40 188. Dialects of First Declension 40, 41

SECOND DECLENSION.

189-191 Stems and Terminations of Second Declension. 41, 42 192-195 Paradigms of Second Declension. 42 196-200 Attic Second Declension 42, 43 201-203 Contract Nouns of Second Declension.. 43, 44 204 Dialects of Second Declension 44

THIRD DECLENSION.

205-208 Stems and Case-endings of Third Declension.. 44

FORMATION OF CASES.

209-213 Nominative Singular of Third Declension. 45, 46 214-218 Accusative Singular of Third Declension 46 219-223 Vocative Singular of Third Declension 47 224 Dative Plural of Third Declension 47

PARADIGMS OF THIRD DECLENSION.

225 Nouns with Mute or Liquid Stems 47-50 226-240 Nouns with Stems in Σ (chiefly contract). 50-52 241-248 Stems in Ω or Ο 02, 53 249-262 Stems in Ι or Υ 53-55 263-272 Stems ending in a Diphthong.. 55, 56 273-279 Syncopated Nouns of Third Declension 67, 58 280-285 Gender of Third Declension ... 68, 69 286 Dialects of Third Declension... 69 287-291 Irregular Nouns. 59-62 292-297 Endings -θι, -θεν, -σε, -φι, -φιν, etc. 62

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ADJECTIVES.

298-309. Adjectives of the First and Second Declensions 63, 64 310, 311. Contract Adjectives in -εος and -οος 65, 66 312-317. Adjectives of the Third Declension .... 66, 6? 318-333. First and Third Declensions combined. 67-69 334-339. Participles in -ων, -ους, -ᾶς, -εις, -ῦς, -ως 70-72 340-342. Contract Participles in -αων, εων, -οων, -αως 72, 73 343-345. Adjectives with One Ending 73 346-349. Irregular Adjectives: μέγας, πολύς, πρᾷος, etc. 73, 74

COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES.

350-356. Comparison by -τερος, -τατος 74, 75 357-360 Comparison by -ῖων, -ιστος 75, 76 361-364 Irregular Comparison.. 76, 77

ADVERBS AND THEIR COMPARISON.

305-368 Adverbs formed from Adjectives, etc. 77, 78 369-371 Comparison of Adverbs. 78

NUMERALS.

372-374 Cardinal and Ordinal Numbers, and Numeral Adverbs 78-30 375-385 Declension of Cardinal and Ordinal Numbers, etc. 80, 81

THE ARTICLE.

386-388 Declension of ὁ, ἡ, τό 81, 82

PRONOUNS.

389-400 Personal and Intensive Pronouns. 82, 83 401-403 Reflexive Pronouns 84 404, 405 Reciprocal Pronoun 84, 85 406-408 Possessive Pronouns 85 409-414 Demonstrative Pronouns 85, 80 415-420 Interrogative and Indefinite Pronouns . 86, 87 421-428 Relative Pronouns 87, 88 429-440 Pronominal Adjectives and Adverbs... 88-90

VERBS.

441-454 Voices, Moods, Tenses, Numbers, and Persons 90-92 455-461 Tense Systems and Tense Stems 92, 93 462, 463 Principal Parts of a Greek Verb 93, 94 464-468 Conjugation.—Two Forms: Verbs in ω and Verbs in μι 94

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CONJUGATION OF VERBS IN Ω

469-473 Description of following Synopses 94, 95 474, 475 Synopsis of λΰω 96, 97 476, 477 Synopsis of λείπω 98 478, 479 Synopsis of φαίνω 99 480 Inflection of λΰω 100-104 481. Inflection of 2 Aor., Perf., and Pluperf. of λείπω 105 482. Inflection of φαίνω (Liquid Forms) 106, 107 483-485. Remarks on Verbs in ω 108 486-491. Perfect and Pluperfect Middle and Passive of Verbs with Consonant Stems 108-111 492, 493. Contract Verbs in αω, εω, and οω 112-114 494. Synopsis of τῖμάω, φιλέω, δηλόω, θηράω 115 495-499. Remarks on Contract Verbs. 115, 118

CONJUGATION OF VERBS IN μι

500-503. General Character of Verbs in μι. -- Two Classes 116 504, 505.

Synopsis of ἵστημι, τίθημι, δίδωμι, and δείκνῦμι in Present and Second Aorist Systems. 116, 117 506. Inflection of peculiar Tenses of these Verbs. 117-122 507, 508. Second Perfect and Pluperfect of the μι-form 123 509. Full Synopsis of these Verbs in Indicative... 123, 124

AUGMENT AND REDUPLICATION.

510-512. Syllabic and Temporal Augment defined.... 124, 125 513-519. Augment of Imperfect and Aorist Indicative. 125 520-528. Reduplication of Perf., Pluperf., and Fut. Perf. 126, 127 529-533. Attic Reduplication. 127, 128 534-536. Reduplicated Aorists and Presents 128 537-539. Syllabic Augment prefixed to a Vowel. 128, 129 540-546. Augment and Reduplication of Compound Verbs 129, 130 547-550. Omission of Augment and Reduplication.... 130, 131

ENDINGS.

551. Personal Endings.... 131 552. Personal Endings of Indic., Subj., and Opt. 131 553. Personal Endings of Imperative 131 554, 555. Endings of Infinitive, etc 132 556. Remarks on the Endings 132, 133

TENSE STEMS AND FORMS OF INFLECTION.

557-560. Simple and Complex Tense Stems... 133, 134 561. Tense Suffixes 134 562. Optative Suffix 134 563. Two Forms of Inflection of Verbs... 134 564. The Simple Form.... 135 565. The Common Form.. 135, 136

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FORMATION AND INFLECTION OF TENSE SYSTEMS.

566. General Statement 136 567. Formation of the Present Stem from the Verb Stem. 136 568-622. Eight Classes of Verbs. 130-143 623-633. Inflection of Present and Imperfect Indicative . 143, 144 634-659. Modification of the Stein iu certain Tense Systems 145-149 660-717. Formation of Tense Stems, and Inflection of Tense Systems in Indicative 149-158

FORMATION OF DEPENDENT MOODS AND PARTICIPLE.

718-720. Subjunctive.. 159, 160 730-745. Optative. 160-163 746-758. Imperative 163-165 759-700. Infinitive 165, 106 770-775. Participles 166, 167 776. Verbals in τος and -τεος 167

DIALECTS.

777-783. Dialectic and Poetic Forms of Verbs in ω 167-170 784-786. Special Dialectic Forms of Contract Verbs.. 170-172 787-792. Dialectic and Poetic Forms of Verbs in μι 172, 173

ENUMERATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF ΜΙ-FORMS.

793-797. Enumeration of Presents in μι 173, 174 798-803. Second Aorists of the μι-form 175, 176 804. Second Perfects and Pluperfects of the μι-form 176, 177 805. Irregular Verbs of the μι-form 177 800-821. Inflection of εἰμί, εἶμι ἵημι, φημί, ἡμαι, κεῖμαι, and οἶδα 177-183

PART III.

FORMATION OF WORDS.

822. Simple and Compound Words. 184

SIMPLE WORDS.

823-825. Primitives and Denominatives 184, 185 826-831. Suffixes 185

FORMATION OF NOUNS.

832-840. Primitives 186, 187 841-848. Denominatives 187, 188

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849-858. Formation of Adjectives 189, 190 859, 860. Formation of Adverbs 190 861-868. Denominative Verbs. 190, 191

COMPOUND WORDS.

869, 870. Division of the Subject. 191 871-877. First Part of Compound Word. 192, 193 878-882. Last Part of Compound Word 193, 194 883-889. Meaning of Compounds 194, 195

PART IV.

SYNTAX.

890-893. Subject, Predicate, Object.... 196

SUBJECT AND PREDICATE.

894. Subject Nominative, of Finite Verb... 197 895. 1. Subject Accusative of Infinitive 197   2, 3. Subject of Infinitive omitted 197 896-898. Subject Nom. omitted, Impersonal Verbs, etc. 197, 198 899-906. Subject Nominative and Verb 198, 199 907-910. Predicate in same Case as Subject... 199

APPOSITION.

911-917. .Various Forms of Apposition 200, 201

ADJECTIVES.

918-926. Adjectives agreeing with Nouns 201, 202 927-931. Adjectives belonging to omitted Subject of Infinitive 202-204 932-934. Adjectives used as Nouns.... 204

THE ARTICLE.

935-940. Homeric Use of the Article (as Pronoun).... 204-206 941-958. Attic Use of the Article (as Definite Article) 206-208 959-980. Position of the Article 208-212 981-984. Pronominal Article in Attic (ὁ μέν . . . ὁ δέ, etc.) 212

PRONOUNS.

985-992. Personal and Intensive Pronouns.... 213, 214 993-097. Reflexive Pronouns.. 214, 215

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998-1003. Possessive Pronouns 215, 216 1004-1010. Demonstrative Pronouns 216, 217 1011-1014. Interrogative Pronoun 217 1015-1018. Indefinite Pronoun 217, 218 1019-1025. Relative Pronoun as related to its Antecedent 218, 219 1026-1030. Relative with omitted Antecedent 219, 220 1031-1038. Assimilation and Attraction of Relatives 220-222 1039. Relative in Exclamations 222 1040-1041. Relative Pronoun not repeated in a new Case 222

THE CASES.

NOMINATIVE AND VOCATIVE.

1042. General Remark on the Cases 222 1043. Nominative, as Subject or Predicate. 222 1044. Vocative used in addressing 222 1045. Nominative used for Vocative 223

ACCUSATIVE.

1046. Various Functions of the Accusative. 223 1047-1050. Accusative of Direct (External) Object... 223 1051-1057. Cognate Accusative (of Internal Object)... 223-225 1058, 1059. Accusative of Specification or Limitation.. 225 1060, 1061. Adverbial Accusative. 226 1062-1064. Accusative of Extent of Time or Space.... 226 1065. Terminal Accusative (Poetic) 226, 227 1066-1068. Accusative after Νή and Μά 227   Two Accusatives with Verbs signifying   1069-1072.

To ask, teach, remind, clothe, conceal, deprive, divide, etc. 227 1073-1075.

To do anything to or say anything of a person or thing 228 1076. Cognate and Object Accusative together... 228 1077-1082. Predicate and Object Accusative together. 228, 229

GENITIVE.

1083. Various Functions of the Genitive. 229 1084. Genitive after Nouns (Attributive) 229, 230 1085-1087. Seven Classes of Attributive Genitive 230 1088-1092. Partitive Genitive (specially) 231, 232   Genitive after Verbs: --   1093-1096. Predicate Genitive. 232, 233 1097, 1098. Genitive expressing Part 233

xvi

  With verbs signifying 1099-1101. To take hold of, touch, aim at, claim, hit, miss, begin, etc. 233, 234 1102-1108. To taste, smell, hear, perceive, remember, forget, desire, spare, neglect, admire, despise 234, 235 1109-1111. To rule, lead, or direct 236 1112-1110. Fulness or Want 236 1117-1120. Genitive of Separation and Comparison 237, 288 1121-1125. Genitive with Verbs of Accusing, Convicting, Acquitting, and Condemning (with Accus.) 238, 239 1120-1128. Genitive of Cause.. 239 1129. Causal Genitive in Exclamations.. 239 1130. Genitive of Source 239 1131. Genitive of Agent or Instrument (Poetic). 240 1132. Genitive after Compound Verbs 240 1133-1135. Genitive of Price or Value 240, 241 1136. Genitive of Time within which 241 1137-1138. Genitive of Place within which (chiefly Poetic) 241 1139-1142. Objective Genitive with Verbal Adjectives. 242, 243 1143-1145. Possessive Genitive with Adjectives denoting Possession, etc. 243 1140. Genitive with certain Adject. of Place 243 1147-1161. Genitive with Adverbs 243, 244 1102. Genitive Absolute (see also 1568) 244 1153-1156. Genitive with Comparatives 244, 246

DATIVE.

1157. Various Functions of the Dative 245   Dative expressing to or for: -- 1158.

Dative of Indirect Object

. 245 1159-1163.

Dative after certain Intransitive Verbs 245, 246 1164.

Dative with Verbs of Ruling, etc. 247 1165-1170.

Dative of Advantage or Disadvantage 247, 248 1171.

Ethical Dative 248 1172.

Dative of Relation 248 1173.

Dative of Possession (with εἰμί, etc.) 248 1174.

Dative after Adjectives kindred to preceding Verbs 249 1175-1178.

Dative of Resemblance, Union, and Approach 249, 250 1179, 1180.

Dative after Compound Verbs 250, 251 1181, 1182.

Dative of Cause, Manner, Means, and Instrument 251 1183.

Dative after χράμμαι, use 251 1184, 1185.

Dative of Degree of Difference (with Comparatives). 251, 262

xvii

1186, 1187.

Dative of Agent (with Perfect and Pluperfect Passive) 252 1188.

Dative of Agent (with Verbal in -τέος or τέον) 252 1189-1191.

Dative of Accompaniment (sometimes with αὐτός) 252, 253 1192-1195.

Dative of Time 253 1190.

Dative of Place (Poetic) 253 1197.

   "       "    "      Occasional Use in Prose (Names of Attic Demes) 254 1198.

Local Datives as Adverbs. 254

PREPOSITIONS.

1199. Prepositions originally Adverbs... 254 1200. Improper Prepositions.... 254 1201. Prepositions with Genitive, Dative, and Accusative. 264 1202-1219. Uses of the Prepositions... 254-262 1220. Uses of the Improper Prepositions. 262 1221-1226. Remark on the Prepositions.... 262, 263 1227. Prepositions in Composition taking their own Cases. 264

ADVERBS.

1228, 1229. Adverbs qualifying Verbs, Adjectives, and Adverbs .. 264

SYNTAX OF THE VERB.

VOICES.

1230-1232. Active Voice 264, 265 1233. Passive Voice 265 1234-1237. Agent after Passive Verbs (ὑπό and Genitive) 265 1238. Dative of Agent (see also 1180-1188) 265 1239. Passive Construction when Active has two Cases. 205, 268 1240. Cognate Accusative made Subject of Passive 266 1241. Intransitive Active forms used as Passives 266 1242-1248. Middle Voice (three uses) 267, 268

TENSES.

1249. Two relations denoted by the Tenses. 268

I. TENSES OF THE INDICATIVE.

1250-1266. Tenses of the Indicative (Time of each).. 268-271 1267-1270. Primary and Secondary Tenses.... 271, 272

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II. TENSES OF THE DEPENDENT MOODS.

A. NOT IN INDIRECT DISCOURSE.

1271. Present and Aorist chiefly used 272 1272. Distinction between Present and Aorist here 272 1273-1275. Perfect not in Indirect Discourse (seldom used) 272, 273 1276-1278. Future Infinitive not in Indirect Discourse (exceptional) 273

B. IN INDIRECT DISCOURSE.

1279. Definition of Indirect Discourse 273 1280-1284. Optative and Infinitive in Indirect Discourse. 274 1285. Present Infill, and Optative include Imperfect 274 1286. Infinitive after Verbs of Hoping, Promising, etc. (two Constructions allowed) 275 1287. Future Optative used only in Indirect Discourse 275

III. TENSES OF THE PARTICIPLE.

1288. Expressing time relatively to leading Verb. 276 1289. Present Participle as Imperfect 275, 276 1290. Aorist sometimes denoting same time as leading Verb. 276

IV. GNOMIC AND ITERATIVE TENSES.

1291. Gnomic Present, expressing Habit or General Truth 276 1292-1294. Gnomic Aorist            "           "               "       " 276 1295. Gnomic Perfect           "           "               "       " 276 1296-1298. Iterative Imperfect and Aorist with ἄν 276, 277

THE PARTICLE Ἄν.

1299-1301. Two Uses of ἄν 277   Ἄν with the Indicative: -- 1302. Never with Present or Perfect... 277 1303. With Future (chiefly Homeric).. 277, 278 1304. With Secondary Tenses.. 278 1305. Ἄν with the Subjunctive 278 1306, 1307. Ἄν with the Optative (always Potential) 278 1308, 1309. Ἄν with the Infinitive and Participle (Potential) 278, 279 1310, 1311. Position of ἄν 270, 280 1312. Ἄν repeated in long Apodosis 280 1313-1310. Special Uses of ἄν 280

THE MOODS.

GENERAL STATEMENT AND CLASSIFICATION.

1317-1319. Various Uses of Indicative. 280, 281 1320, 1321. Various Uses of Subjunctive. 281

xix

1322, 1323. Various Uses of Optative 281, 282 1324. The Imperative 282 1325. The Infinitive, Participle, etc. 283 1326. Classification of Constructions of the Moods 283

I. POTENTIAL OPTATIVE AND INDICATIVE.

1327-1334. Potential Optative with ἄν 283-285 1335-1341. Potential Indicative with ἄν 285, 280

II. IMPERATIVE AND SUBJUNCTIVE IN INDEPENDENT SENTENCES. -- INDEPENDENT SENTENCES WITH μή OR ὅπως

1342, 1343. Imperative in Commands, Exhortations, etc. 287 1344, 1345. First Person of Subjunctive in Exhortations 287 1346, 1347. Present Imper. or Aorist Subj. in Prohibitions 287 1348, 1349.

Independent Subjunctive in Homer with μή, expressing fear or anxiety. 287, 288 1360, 1351.

Subjunctive or Indicative with μή or μὴ οὐ in cautious assertions or negations

. 288 1352-1354.

Future Indicative with ὅπως and ὅπως μή in Commands and Prohibitions 288

III. HOMERIC SUBJUNCTIVE LIKE FUTURE INDICATIVE. -- INTERROGATIVE SUBJUNCTIVE.

1355-1357. Homeric Use of the Subjunctive, as simple Future 288, 289 1358, 1359. Interrogative Subjunctive (Questions of Doubt) 289

IV. SUBJUNCTIVE AND FUTURE INDICATIVE WITH οὐ μή.

1360, 1361. As Emphatic Future and in Prohibitions 289

V. FINAL AND OBJECT CLAUSES AFTER ἵνα, ὡς, ὅπως, ὄφρα, AND μή.

1362, 1303. Three Classes of these Clauses 290 1364. Negative Particle in these Clauses 290

I. PURE FINAL CLAUSES (AFTER ALL THE FINAL PARTICLES): --

1365-1368. With Subjunctive and Optative 290, 291 1369, 1370. With Subjunctive after Secondary Tenses. 291 1371. With the Past Tenses of the Indicative 292

II. OBJECT CLAUSES WITH ὅπως AFTER VERBS OF Striving ETC.: --

1372. With Future Indicative or Optative 292 1373. Same coustruction with Verbs of exhorting etc. 292 1374-1376. Present or Aorist Subjunctive or Optative here 292, 293 1377. Homeric Subj. and Opt. with ὅπως or ὡς 293

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III. CLAUSES WITH μή AFTER VERB8 OF Fearing: --

1378. With Subjunctive and Optative 293 1379. With Future Indicative (rare) 293 1380. With Present or Past Tenses of Indicative. 294

VI. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES.

1381. Definition of Protasis and Apodosis 294 1382. Use of ἄν (Hom. κέ) in Protasis and Apodosis 294 1383. Negative Particles in Protasis and Apodosis 294 1384. Distinction of Particular and General Suppositions 294, 295 1385-1389. Classification of Conditional Sentences 295, 296

I. PRESENT OR PAST CONDITIONS WITH NOTHING IMPLIED.

1390. Simple Supposition (chiefly Particular) with Indicative 296, 297 1391. Future Indicative denoting Present Intention 297 1393-1396. Present and Past General Suppositions.... 297, 298

II. PRESENT AND PAST CONDITIONS WITH SUPPOSITIONS CONTRARY TO FACT.

1397. Past Tenses of Indicative (ἄν in Apodosis) 298, 299 1398.

Present Optative used here in Homer in Present Conditions. 299 1399. Optative with κέ in Homer rarely Past in Apodosis 299 1400-1402.

Ἔδει, χρῆν, etc. with Infinitive in Apodosis without ἄν 299, 300

III. FUTURE CONDITIONS, MORE VIVID FORM.

1403, 1404. Subjunctive with ἐάν in Protasis 300 1405. Future Indicative with εἰ in Protasis 300 1406, 1407. Subjunctive with simple εἰ (in Homer) 301

IV. FUTURE CONDITIONS, LESS VIVID FORM.

1408-1412. Optative in both Protasis and Apodosis 301

PECULIAR FORMS OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES.

1413. Protasis contained in Participle or other Word 301, 302 1414-1417. Ellipsis of Protasis or Apodosis 302 1418.

Infinitive or Participle in Indirect Discourse forming Apodosis 303 1419.

Infinitive (not in Indirect Discourse) forming Apodosis 303 1420. Apodosis implied in Context 303 1421. Protasis and Apodosis of different Classes. 303, 304 1422. Δέ introducing an Apodosis 304 1423, 1424.

Εἰ after Verbs of Wondering {θαυμάζω) etc. 304

xxi

VII. RELATIVE AND TEMPORAL SENTENCES.

1425. Relative including Temporal Clauses 306 1426. Definite and Indefinite Antecedent explained 305 1427. Relative with Definite Antecedent 305 1428.

Relative with Indefinite Antecedent. — Conditional Relative 305,306 1429.

Four Forms of Conditional Relative Sentence corresponding to those of ordinary Protasis (1385-1380) 306 1430. I. (a) Simple Present or Past Conditions 306 1431,1432.    (b) Present and Past General Conditions 300,307 1433. II. Present and Past Unfulfilled Conditions 307 1434,1435. III. Future Conditions (more Vivid Form) 307 1436. IV. Future Conditions (less Vivid Form) 307 1437,1438. Peculiar Forms in Conditional Relative Sentences 307, 308 1439-1441. Assimilation in Conditional Relative Sentences 308,309 1442-1444. Relative Clauses expressing Purpose 309 1446-1448. Relative Clauses expressing Result 309, 310 1449-1459

Consecutive Clauses with ὥστε or ὡς, with Infinitive and Finite Moods 310,311 1460. Ἐφ᾽ ᾦ or ἐφ᾽ ᾦτε with lnfin. or Fut. Ind. 311 1461,1462. Causal Relative Sentences 312

TEMPORAL PARTICLES SIGNIFYING Until AND Before.

1463-1468.

Constructions after ἕως, ἔστε, ἄχρι, μέχρι, ὄφρα, until 312, 313 1468-1473. Πρίν with Die Infinitive and the Finite Moods 313, 314 1474.

Πρὶν ἤ, πρότερον ἤ, πρόσθεν ἤ, etc. used like πρίν 314

VIII. INDIRECT D1SCOURSE.

1475. Direct and Indirect Quotations and Questions 314, 316 1476-1479. Indirect Quotations and Questions, how introduced 315 1480. Meaning of Expression Indirect Discourse. 315 1481-1486.

General Principles of Indirect Discourse. -- Use of ἄν. -- Negative Particles. 315, 316

SIMPLE SENTENCES IN INDIRECT DISCOURSE.

1487.

Indicative and Optative after ὅτι or ὡς, and in Indirect Questions. 316, 317 1488. Pres. Opt. occasionally represents Imperfect 317 1489. Pres. and Perf. changed to Imperf. and Pluperf. 317 1490-1492.

Subjunctive or Optative in Indirect Questions, representing Interrogative Subjunctive 317, 318 1493. Indicative or Optative with ἄν (unchanged) 318 1494. Infinitive and Participle in Indirect Quotations 318, 319

xxii

1495. When Infin. is said to be in Indirect Discourse 319 1496. Negative of Infin. and Part. (sometimes μή) 319 INDIRECT QUOTATION OF COMPLEX SENTENCE8. 1497. Rule for Dependent Clauses in Indirect Quotation 319, 320 1498. One Verb changed to Optative, another unchanged 320 1490. Dependent Aorist Indie, not changed to Optative 320 1500, 1501. Special Cases. 320 1502, 1503.

Single Dependent Clauses in Indirect Discourse, independently of the rest of the Sentence. -- Four Classes 321, 322 1504. Οὐχ, ὅτι, οὐχ ὅπως, μὴ ὅτι, μὴ ὅπως 322

IX. CAUSAL SENTENCES.

1505. Causal Sentences with Indicative 322, 323 1500. Optative sometimes used after Past Tenses 323

X. EXPRESSION OF A WISH.

1507-1510. Optative in Wishes (with or without εἴθε etc.) 323, 324 1511. Indicative in Wishes (with εἴθε etc.). 324 1512-1515. Ὤφελον with Infinitive iu Wishes 324, 320

THE INFINITIVE.

1510. Infinitive as Verbal Noon (with and without Article) . 325

INFINITIVE WITHOUT THE ARTICLE.

1517. Infinitive as Subject, Predicate, or Appositive 325 1518. Infinitive as Object of a Verb: — 1519-1521.

Not in Indirect Discourse (chiefly Present and Aorist) 326 1522-1525.

In Indirect Discourse (with Time of Tenses preserved) 320, 327 1526-1531. Infinitive with Adjectives, Adverbs, and Nouns 328 1532, 1533. Infinitive of Purpose (or Result, Hom.) 329 1534, 1535. Absolute Infinitive. -- &Ἐκὼν εἶναι etc. 329 1530-1540. Infinitive in Commands, Wishes, Laws, etc. 329, 330

INFINITIVE WITH THE ARTICLE.

1541. Character of Articular Infinitive 330 1542-1544. Infinitive with τό as Subject or Object 330, 331 1545. Infinitive with τό with Adjectives aud Nouns. 331 1546. Infinitive with τοῦ, τῷ or τό after Prepositions 331

xxiii

1547, 1548. Infin. with τοῦ or τῷ in Various Constructions 331, 332 1549-1553.

Infinitive with or without τοῦ or τοῦ μὴ, τό or τὸ μή (or μὴ οὐ), after Verbs of Hindrance etc. 332, 333 1554. Infinitive (generally with τό) in Exclamations 333 1555. Infinitive with Adjuncts and τό, as Noun 333

THE PARTICIPLE.

1557, 1558. Participle as Verbal Adjective. -- Three Uses 334

ATTRIBUTIVE PARTICIPLE.

1559. Participle qualifying a Noun (as Adjective) 334 1560, 1561. Participle with Article as Substantive 334, 335 1562. Neuter Participle with Article as Abstract Noun 335

CIRCUMSTANTIAL PARTICIPLE.

1563, 1-8. Various Uses of this Participle 335, 336 1564-1567. Peculiar Idioms 336, 337 1568. Genitive Absolute 337 1569, 1570. Accusative Absolute 337 1571. Ὤν omitted (rarely) 337, 338 1572-1577. Various Adverbs with Circumstantial Participle 338, 339

SUPPLEMENTARY PARTICIPLE.

1578, 1579. Showing to what the action of the Verb relates 339

NOT IN INDIRECT DISCOURSE.

1580, 1581. With Verbs signifying to begin, continue, cease, repent, etc. 339, 340 1582, 1583. With Verbs signifying to perceive, find, or represent 340 1584. Βουλόμενος, ἡδόμενος, etc., agreeing with Dative 340 1585. With περιοράω and ἐφοράω, overlook, see, allow 340 1586. With λανθάνω, τυγχάνω, and φθάνω 340, 341 1587. With διατελέω, οἴχομαι, etc. 341 IN INDIRECT DISCOURSE. 1588. Participle (like Infin.) with verbs signifying to see, hear, learn, perceive, know, etc. 341, 342 1589. Δῆλός or φανερός εἰμι with Participle 342 1590. Σύνοιδα and συγγιγνώσκω with a Participle in Nominative or Dative 342 1591, 1592. Verbs of 1588 with other Constructions 342 1593. Ὡς with Participle of Indirect Discourse 342

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VERBAL ADJECTIVES IN -τέος AND -τέον.

1594. Two Constructions. 343 1595, 1596. Personal Construction of Verbal in -τέος 343 1597-1599. Impersonal Verbal in -τέον (or -τέα) 343

INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES.

1600. Direct and Indirect Interrogatives 344 1601. Two or more Interrogatives with one Verb 344 1602. Interrogative as Predicate 344 1603. Direct luterrogatives, -- ἆρα, ἦ, οὐ, μή, μῶν, οὐκοῦν 344 1604. Ἄλλο τι ἤ; or ἄλλο τι; 345 1605. Indirect Questions with εἰ (Homeric ἤ or εἰ) 345 1606. Alternative Questions, -- Πότερον . . . ἤ, etc. 345

NEGATIVES.

1607. Two negatives, οὐ and μή 345 1608. Οὐ with independent Indicative and Optative 345 1609. Εἰ οὐ or εἰ μή in Indirect Questions. 345 1610. Μή with Subjunctive and Imperative 346 1611. Negative with Infinitive 346 1612-1014. Negative with Participles and Adjectives 346 1615. Μή with Infin. after Verbs with Negative Idea 346 1616, 1617. Μὴ οὐ with Infinitive (after Negative Leading Verb). 347 1618, 1619. Two or more Negatives in one Clause 347

PART V.

VERSIFICATION.

1620, 1621. Foot. -- Ictus. -- Arsis and Thesis 348 1622-1624. Rhythm and Metre 350 1625. Ictus and Word-accent 350 1626. Long and Short Syllables. -- Times 350 1627, 1628. Enumeration of Feet 350, 351 1629, 1630. Place of the Ictus in a Foot 351 1631. Resolution and Contraction . 351, 352 1632. Syncope. 352 1633. Irrational Time 352 1634. Cyclic Dactyl and Anapaest 352

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1635. Anacrusis 352 1636. Syllaba Anceps 352 1637. Rhythmical Series and Verse 353 1638. Close of Verse 353 1639. Catalexis 353 1640. Pauses 353 1641.

Brachycatalectic and Hypercatalectic Verses

353 1642-1644. Caesura and Diaeresis 353, 354 1645. Names of Verses 354 1646. Monometers, Dimeters, etc. 354 1647. Tripodies, Tetrapodies, etc. 355 1648. Rising and Falling Rhythms 355 1649. Distichs, Systems, Strophes, etc. 355 1650-1656. Trochaic Rhythms 355-357 1657-1667. Iambic Rhythms 357-360 1668-1674. Dactylic Rhythms 360-362 1675-1678. Anapaestic Rhythms 362-364 1679-1683. Logaoedic Rhythms 364-366 1684, 1685. Dactylo-Epitritic Rhythms 366, 367 1686. Rhythms with Feet of Five or Six Times 367 1687.

Choriambic Rhythms 367 1688.

Ionic Rhythms 367 1689.

Cretic and Paeonic Rhythms 368 1690.

Bacchic Rhythms 368 1691. Dochmiacs. 368

APPENDIX.

1692. Catalogue of Verbs 369-406

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